NAS Word Usage – Total: 46

1. in front, before
   1. before, i.e. in that local region which is in front of a person or thing
   2. before, in the presence of, i.e. opposite to, over against one
   3. before, in the sight of
   4. before, denoting rank

The Origins of Emprosthen

The Greek word “emprosthen” (ἐμπροσθεν) is derived from the preposition “en” (ἐν), meaning “in” or “on,” and the verb “pros” (πρός), which carries the notion of “toward” or “facing.” When combined, “emprosthen” generally means “before,” “in front of,” or “ahead of.” Its meaning is straightforward, yet its application in the Bible can provide profound insights.

Emprosthen in Classical Greek Literature

Before we examine “emprosthen” in biblical texts, it’s helpful to look at its usage in classical Greek literature. In ancient works, “emprosthen” often referred to a physical space or direction. For example, it could describe someone standing in front of a crowd or a marker indicating something ahead. The temporal aspect of the word could also denote something occurring beforehand or earlier.

Emprosthen in the Septuagint

The Septuagint, a Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible, is one of the earliest sources where “emprosthen” is used in a biblical context. It appears frequently to translate Hebrew prepositions that suggest “before” or “in the presence of.” For example, in Genesis 18:8, when Abraham offers food to his three visitors, the Septuagint uses “emprosthen” to convey that he placed the meal “before” them. This not only describes the physical placement but also implies respect and hospitality.

Emprosthen in the New Testament

The New Testament further enriches the understanding of “emprosthen.” Let’s explore a few significant passages:

Matthew 6:1

In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus warns, “Beware of practicing your righteousness before others to be seen by them” (Matthew 6:1). Here, “emprosthen” is used to emphasize the act of performing good deeds “before” human observers for their approval. The use of “emprosthen” highlights the contrast between human recognition and divine approval.

Luke 1:17

In the prologue of the Gospel of Luke, the angel Gabriel tells Zechariah that his son, John the Baptist, will “go before him in the spirit and power of Elijah” (Luke 1:17). “Emprosthen” is associated with John’s role as a forerunner to prepare people “before” the coming of Jesus. This usage frames John’s mission within the grand narrative of God’s salvation plan.

Revelation 4:6

The word “emprosthen” also appears in visionary and apocalyptic literature. In Revelation 4:6, John describes a “sea of glass, like crystal, in front of the throne.” The positioning “emprosthen” underscores the magnificent and holy scene “before” God’s throne, emphasizing the spatial and visual elements of the vision.

Theological Implications of Emprosthen

The use of “emprosthen” in biblical texts often transcends mere spatial or temporal descriptions. It can carry deeper theological implications:

Divinity and Presence

In many instances, “emprosthen” signifies proximity to the divine. Standing “before” God denotes a state of reverence, accountability, and worship. It reflects the believer’s relationship with God, emphasizing His omnipresence.

Human Relationships and Actions

The phrase also affects human interactions. Acting “before” others in Matthew 6:1 brings to light the motivations behind one’s actions. It challenges believers to seek God’s approval over human praise.

Prophetic and Preparatory Roles

John the Baptist’s role “emprosthen” Jesus highlights the preparatory nature of prophecy and the unfolding of divine plans. It points to how God’s messengers go “before” to pave the way for His greater works.

Comparisons with Similar Greek Terms

To fully grasp the subtleties of “emprosthen,” it helps to compare it with other Greek words that convey similar meanings:

Pros (πρός)

“Pros” often denotes direction towards a person or place. While it shares a root with “emprosthen,” “pros” lacks the “before” or “ahead” temporal aspect. It’s more directional, focusing on movement towards or facing something.

Enopion (ἐνώπιον)

“Enopion” means “in the sight of” or “in the presence of.” While it is often used interchangeably with “emprosthen,” “enopion” stresses visibility and observation more than position or sequence.

Conclusion

In the context of the Bible, “emprosthen” transcends its simple definition of “before” or “in front of.” It weaves into the fabric of theological themes, emphasizing divine presence, human actions, and prophetic roles. By examining its usage across various biblical passages, we gain a deeper appreciation of how this word enriches the scriptural narrative. Understanding “emprosthen” invites us to explore the profound layers of meaning embedded within the ancient texts, bringing us closer to the heart of biblical teachings.

In conclusion, next time you encounter this humble Greek word in your study of the Bible, remember that its implications stretch far beyond simple spatial or temporal references. It calls us to reflect on our disposition before God, our actions in the eyes of others, and the preparatory works that align with divine purpose.