NAS Word Usage – Total: 4

1. to throw into terror or amazement
   1. to alarm thoroughly, to terrify
2. to be struck with amazement
   1. to be thoroughly amazed, astounded
   2. to be struck with terror

Translating Ekthambeo

The Greek word “Ekthambeo” can be translated as “to be greatly astonished” or “to be utterly amazed.” It is composed of two parts: “ek,” meaning “out of,” and “thambeo,” meaning “astonish” or “amaze.” Therefore, “Ekthambeo” suggests an amplified form of astonishment, surpassing ordinary surprise.

In the New Testament, this word’s usage often points to situations where individuals or groups experience an overwhelming sense of wonder, fear, or amazement. It is a strong word, emphasizing the intensity of the emotional response.

Occurrences in the New Testament

Mark 9:15

One clear instance of “Ekthambeo” is found in Mark 9:15: “As soon as all the people saw Jesus, they were overwhelmed with wonder and ran to greet him.”

In this context, the word captures the people’s reaction upon seeing Jesus. The term “overwhelmed with wonder” indicates how profoundly Jesus’ presence affected the crowd. Their immediate action to greet Him reflects a mix of awe and reverence.

Mark 14:33

Another notable appearance is in Mark 14:33, describing Jesus’ emotional state in the Garden of Gethsemane: “He took Peter, James, and John along with Him, and He began to be deeply distressed and troubled.”

Here, “Ekthambeo” is translated as “deeply distressed,” underscoring Jesus’ intense emotional anguish as He faced His impending crucifixion. This illustrates that “Ekthambeo” can also convey a sense of profound disturbance, not just amazement.

Mark 16:5-6

In Mark 16:5-6, we see yet another use: “As they entered the tomb, they saw a young man dressed in a white robe sitting on the right side, and they were alarmed. ‘Don’t be alarmed,’ he said. ‘You are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who was crucified. He has risen! He is not here.'”

The term “Ekthambeo” here is rendered as “alarmed,” expressing the women’s shock and fear upon finding an angel instead of Jesus. The angel’s reassurance, “Don’t be alarmed,” seeks to calm their overwhelming sense of fear and bewilderment.

Why Understanding Ekthambeo Matters

Capturing the Emotional Spectrum

The New Testament isn’t just a historical record; it aims to convey the depth of human emotions experienced during profound events. “Ekthambeo” helps us appreciate the intense reactions of Biblical characters. Whether it’s the overwhelming astonishment of the crowd upon seeing Jesus, His own deep distress, or the fear and wonder at the empty tomb, “Ekthambeo” enriches our emotional connection to these narratives.

Enhancing Biblical Interpretation

The nuance in Greek words allows for a more precise interpretation of Biblical texts. Recognizing the intensity behind actions or events can lead to a better understanding of the scriptures. For instance, knowing that “Ekthambeo” conveys extreme distress as well as astonishment broadens our understanding of passages like Mark 14:33 and Mark 16:5-6.

Reflecting Human Response to the Divine

The use of “Ekthambeo” highlights the extraordinary nature of the events described in the New Testament. It shows how ordinary people, including Jesus Himself, responded with powerful emotions when confronted with the divine or the miraculous. This word underscores the profound impact of Jesus’ presence and actions, thereby deepening our appreciation of His life and works.

Ekthambeo in Broader Biblical Themes

The Power of Jesus’ Presence

The instances where “Ekthambeo” is used frequently involve moments where Jesus’ divine nature is made manifest. Whether it is through His teachings, miracles, or His resurrection, the extreme reactions of people underline the divine authority and power of Jesus.

The Reality of Human Frailty

Another theme illuminated by “Ekthambeo” is the reality of human frailty. The disciples’ reactions in the garden and the women’s alarm at the tomb reflect human weakness and fear when confronted with overwhelming divine events. This serves as a reminder of our own limitations and the awe-inspiring nature of God’s works.

Comparisons with Similar Greek Terms

In Biblical Greek, several words describe astonishment and fear, but they differ subtly from “Ekthambeo.”

Thaumazo

“Thaumazo” is often translated simply as “to marvel” or “to wonder.” Although it shares a similar vein with “Ekthambeo,” its intensity is slightly less. Thaumazo is more about curiosity and less about overwhelming astonishment.

Phobeo

“Phobeo” means “to fear” or “to be afraid,” often used to describe fear in a straightforward manner. Unlike “Ekthambeo,” which carries a mixture of awe and intense astonishment, “Phobeo” is more aligned with fear that might stem from danger or reverence.

Conclusion

Understanding what “Ekthambeo” means in the Greek context of the Bible enriches our interpretation of the scriptures. This word’s use in describing reactions to Jesus’ presence, His distress, and the events following His resurrection help to convey the intense emotions and profound impact these events had on those who witnessed them. It underscores the powerful connection between the divine and human experiences, making the Bible’s teachings all the more relatable and profound.

So, the next time you read passages featuring “Ekthambeo,” remember the depth of emotion and significance this word carries. It enables us to connect more deeply with the experiences of those who walked alongside Jesus and witnessed the divine first-hand.