NAS Word Usage – Total: 4

1. self-control (the virtue of one who masters his desires and passions, esp. his sensual appetites)

The Greek Origin of Egkrateia

Egkrateia is derived from the Greek word “kratos” (κράτος), which means power or strength. When you attach “en” (ἐν) to form “Egkrateia,” it translates to having power or strength within oneself. This concept of inner strength or self-control plays a prominent role in Greek philosophy and is prominently featured in Biblical texts.

Egkrateia in Greek Philosophy

To fully understand the Biblical context, it’s valuable to consider how Egkrateia was viewed in Greek philosophy. Philosophers like Socrates and Aristotle discussed the importance of Egkrateia as the ability to rule over one’s desires and impulses. According to them, a person possessing Egkrateia has the internal fortitude to make rational choices, often aligning with virtue.

Egkrateia in the Old Testament: Prelude to Christian Thought

Though the Old Testament was primarily written in Hebrew, when translated into Greek (the Septuagint), the concept of Egkrateia made its appearance. For example, Proverbs 25:28 says, “Like a city whose walls are broken through is a person who lacks self-control.” Self-control or Egkrateia here is equated with safeguarding one’s life and values, much like a well-fortified city.

Egkrateia in the New Testament

In the New Testament, Egkrateia becomes even more central to Christian teachings. One of the most cited references is Galatians 5:22-23, describing the fruits of the Spirit: “But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, forbearance, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control (Egkrateia).” Here, Egkrateia is listed as a vital attribute bestowed by the Holy Spirit, necessary for living a godly life.

Paul’s Teachings on Egkrateia

The Apostle Paul frequently emphasizes the need for Egkrateia in his letters. In 1 Corinthians 9:25, he says, “Everyone who competes in the games goes into strict training. They do it to get a crown that will not last, but we do it to get a crown that will last forever.”

Paul uses the analogy of an athlete practicing self-discipline (Egkrateia) to explain the kind of spiritual discipline believers should emulate. Just as athletes exercise control over their bodies to achieve physical prowess, Christians must practice Egkrateia to nurture their spiritual growth.

Other New Testament References

The importance of Egkrateia extends beyond Paul’s letters. In 2 Peter 1:5-6, it says, “For this very reason, make every effort to add to your faith goodness; and to goodness, knowledge; and to knowledge, self-control (Egkrateia); and to self-control, perseverance; and to perseverance, godliness.”

Here, Egkrateia is seen as a stepping stone to achieving higher spiritual states. It is a fundamental part of building a solid Christian character, guiding believers towards godliness and perseverance.

The Practical Implications of Egkrateia for Christians Today

Now that we’ve established the Biblical foundation for Egkrateia, let’s explore its practical implications for modern-day Christians.

Personal Development and Spiritual Growth

Egkrateia or self-control is essential for personal development and spiritual growth. Having Egkrateia helps believers resist temptations and make choices that align with Biblical teachings. In a world filled with distractions and moral challenges, the strength to steer one’s actions on a godly path becomes indispensable.

Building Healthy Relationships

Egkrateia also plays a crucial role in nurturing healthy relationships. Ephesians 4:2-3 advises, “Be completely humble and gentle; be patient, bearing with one another in love. Make every effort to keep the unity of the Spirit through the bond of peace.” Practicing self-control allows individuals to respond thoughtfully rather than impulsively, fostering peace and unity within communities and families.

Overcoming Addictions and Negative Behaviors

Egkrateia is particularly helpful in overcoming addictions and negative behaviors. Galatians 5 contrasts the “acts of the flesh” with the “fruit of the Spirit,” demonstrating the battle between sinful nature and spiritual virtues. Having self-control helps Christians to break free from destructive habits and live a life that glorifies God.

Cultivating Egkrateia: Steps to Consider

Practicing Egkrateia requires intentional efforts and divine help. Here are some practical steps to cultivate self-control:

Prayer and Meditation

Engage in regular prayer and meditation to seek divine assistance in developing self-control. Philippians 4:13 reminds us, “I can do all this through him who gives me strength.” Relying on God’s strength is vital to exercising Egkrateia.

Scripture Study

Immerse yourself in Scripture to understand how Biblical figures practiced self-control. The Bible offers numerous examples, from Joseph resisting Potiphar’s wife to Jesus fasting in the wilderness.

Accountability Partners

Align with fellow believers who can offer support and hold you accountable. James 5:16 advises, “Therefore confess your sins to each other and pray for each other so that you may be healed.”

Practical Exercises

Take small steps to practice self-control in daily life. Whether it’s dietary discipline, controlling temper, or managing time effectively, each small victory builds your strength in Egkrateia.

Conclusion

The concept of Egkrateia offers timeless wisdom for anyone seeking to lead a life in accordance with Biblical principles. From the teachings of ancient Greek philosophers to the divine messages captured in the Bible, Egkrateia or self-control stands as a cornerstone for spiritual and personal development. By understanding and applying this profound virtue, Christians can navigate the complexities of life with inner strength, aligning their actions and thoughts with the will of God. Whether it’s overcoming personal struggles, fostering healthy relationships, or achieving spiritual growth, Egkrateia remains a crucial element in the journey of faith.