NAS Word Usage – Total: 6

1. to spit upon

What is the Word “Emptuo”?

The Greek word “emptuo” (ἐμπτύω) holds a unique place in the Bible. It is a verb that translates directly to “spit” in English. This term appears in several critical moments throughout the New Testament, symbolizing shame, disrespect, or contempt.

Instances of “Emptuo” in the Bible

New Testament Appearances

“Emptuo” is not a frequently used word in the Bible, but its appearances are powerful and significant. The word is primarily found in the New Testament, aligning with key moments in the narrative of Jesus Christ’s life, particularly His Passion.

Jesus’ Trial and Crucifixion

One of the most notable instances of “emptuo” occurs during Jesus’ trial and crucifixion. In the Gospel of Matthew, we see the soldiers’ contempt as they prepare to crucify Him:

Matthew 27:30 (NIV): “They spat on him, and took the staff and struck him on the head again and again.”

Here, “emptuo” emphasizes the mockery and humiliation Jesus suffered. Similar references appear in Mark and Luke, reinforcing the gravity of this act.

Cultural and Historical Context

Spitting as an Act of Disrespect

In biblical times, spitting on someone was considered one of the highest forms of disrespect and contempt. This action wasn’t just a physical act; it carried deep cultural and symbolic meaning.

Old Testament Context

Though the word “emptuo” is Greek and thus not found in the Old Testament, the act of spitting is present. For example, in the book of Deuteronomy, spitting in someone’s face was a sign of public disgrace:

Deuteronomy 25:9 (NIV): “then his brother’s wife shall go up to him in the presence of the elders, take off one of his sandals, spit in his face, and say, ‘This is what is done to the man who will not build up his brother’s family line.'”

This Old Testament verse shows that spitting was used to express extreme disdain and reproach.

Spiritual Significance

The Humiliation of Jesus

The repeated use of “emptuo” in the context of Jesus’ suffering underscores His profound humiliation. It’s a stark reminder of the depth of disrespect and cruelty He endured, contrasted with His responses of patience and love. This humiliation aligns with the prophecies in Isaiah, particularly the Suffering Servant Song:

Isaiah 50:6 (NIV): “I offered my back to those who beat me, my cheeks to those who pulled out my beard; I did not hide my face from mocking and spitting.”

Isaiah’s prophecy, written hundreds of years earlier, is seen in Christian belief as foreshadowing the events of Jesus’ Passion, highlighting the Messianic fulfillment.

Theological Implications

Reflection on Human and Divine Interaction

The use of “emptuo” forces readers to reflect on human nature’s capacity for cruelty and the divine nature’s capacity for forgiveness. Jesus’ willingness to endure such humiliation speaks volumes about His sacrificial love and resilience.

Symbol of Rejection

Spitting is an ultimate act of rejection. In the spiritual context, it symbolizes the rejection of Christ by humanity. Despite this rejection, Jesus’ response exemplifies grace, making “emptuo” a pivotal concept for understanding Christian teachings on forgiveness and humility.

Word Study and Linguistic Analysis

Etymology and Pronunciation

“Emptuo” (ἐμπτύω) is derived from Greek roots that directly translate to “spit.” It’s pronounced “em-PTU-oh,” with an emphasis on the second syllable. Understanding the word’s pronunciation and etymology helps readers grasp its usage in the original Greek texts.

Translation Variations

While “emptuo” is frequently translated as “spit,” some translations might use “spew” or “spat” depending on the context. Different Bible versions aim to capture the same visceral action while maintaining readability for their audience.

Comparative Analysis

“Emptuo” vs. Hebrew Words for Spit

Comparing “emptuo” with Hebrew words for spit, like “yarak” (יָרַק), enriches our understanding. Both languages use similar terms to convey disdain, which suggests a shared cultural attitude toward the act of spitting as contemptuous.

“Emptuo” in Early Christian Literature

Early Christian texts outside the canonical Bible also reference “emptuo.” These writings often draw on the Bible’s portrayal of Jesus’ Passion to illustrate teachings about endurance in the face of persecution and maintaining faith despite contempt.

Conclusion

The word “emptuo” might seem minor, but its repeated and strategic use in the New Testament reveals deeper layers of biblical narrative and theology. It symbolizes profound disrespect but also sets the stage for displaying Christ’s ultimate grace and forgiveness. Understanding “emptuo” in Greek within the Bible’s context helps readers appreciate the linguistic and cultural richness of Scripture. Through this exploration, we gain not just historical insights, but also spiritual lessons that remain relevant today.