NAS Word Usage – Total: 91

1. a state of national tranquillity
   1. exemption from the rage and havoc of war
2. peace between individuals, i.e. harmony, concord
3. security, safety, prosperity, felicity, (because peace and harmony make and keep things safe and prosperous)
4. of the Messiah’s peace
   1. the way that leads to peace (salvation)
5. of Christianity, the tranquil state of a soul assured of its salvation through Christ, and so fearing nothing from God and content with its earthly lot, of whatsoever sort that is
6. the blessed state of devout and upright men after death

Origins and Historical Background

The Greek word “Eirene” (εἰρήνη) is translated as “peace” in English. In ancient Greece, Eirene was also the goddess personifying peace, indicating both the literal and metaphorical importance of this concept. Eirene’s meaning evolved over time and through various contexts, but it always retained a sense of tranquility, harmony, and a state of well-being.

When we turn to the New Testament, the meaning of “Eirene” is intertwined with the Hebrew word “Shalom,” a term which forms the foundation for its use in Christian texts. Understanding this crossover helps us appreciate how “Eirene” carries not just the absence of conflict, but also a comprehensive sense of spiritual and communal well-being.

Eirene in Biblical Texts

“Eirene” appears approximately 92 times in the New Testament. Each usage highlights its importance and different dimensions, whether it be relational peace between individuals, inner peace within oneself, or divine peace bestowed by God.

Eirene as a Greeting

In many New Testament letters, “Eirene” is frequently used as part of a greeting. For example, in Romans 1:7, Paul writes: “Grace to you and peace (Eirene) from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.” Here, “Eirene” is not a mere formality but a deep wish for the recipient’s holistic peace and well-being, flowing from divine grace.

Eirene and Reconciliation

The New Testament also places a strong emphasis on reconciliation, both between humanity and God, and among individuals. In Ephesians 2:14-15, Paul explains: “For he himself is our peace (Eirene), who has made the two groups one and has destroyed the barrier, the dividing wall of hostility.” In this context, “Eirene” represents the breaking down of barriers and the creation of unity, underscoring the transformative power of peace in Christ.

Inner Peace

Another important dimension of “Eirene” is the inner tranquility that believers are encouraged to cultivate. In Philippians 4:7, Paul mentions: “And the peace (Eirene) of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus.” This suggests that “Eirene” is not just external harmony but also a profound inner calm and security that comes from faith.

Eirene and Salvation

Theologically, “Eirene” is often connected with the concept of salvation. Luke 1:79 describes Jesus’ mission as: “to shine on those living in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the path of peace (Eirene).” This implies that salvation ushers believers into a state of comprehensive peace, indicating a restored relationship with God and a promise of eternal tranquility.

Eirene Compared to Shalom

To fully grasp the richness of “Eirene,” one must compare it with the Hebrew “Shalom.” While both terms denote peace, “Shalom” has a broader meaning in the Old Testament, encompassing wholeness, completeness, and prosperity, often in relation to God’s covenant promise. “Eirene” inherits these dimensions, adding layers to the New Testament’s teachings on peace.

The Covenant of Peace

The Old Testament frequently speaks of peace in covenantal terms. For instance, in Numbers 25:12, God grants a “covenant of peace” to Phinehas. The New Testament mirrors this idea, presenting Jesus’ sacrifice as the establishment of a new covenant of peace. Hebrews 13:20 refers to “the God of peace” who brought Jesus back from the dead, highlighting that Christ’s resurrection inaugurates a new era of divine peace.

Eirene in Daily Christian Life

Understanding “Eirene” from a biblical perspective offers profound insights for everyday Christian living. The Bible encourages believers to pursue peace actively. Romans 12:18 instructs: “If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone.” Here, “Eirene” is an actionable pursuit, suggesting that Christians should strive for harmonious relationships.

Peace as a Fruit of the Spirit

Galatians 5:22 lists peace (Eirene) as a fruit of the Spirit, indicating that living a Spirit-led life should naturally produce peace. This peace isn’t passive but actively engages with the world through love, joy, patience, and other virtues.

Practical Application

In practical terms, embracing “Eirene” means embodying the principles of Christ in actions and attitudes. Forgiveness, reconciliation, and peacemaking become key aspects of a believer’s life. When conflicts arise, the biblical concept of “Eirene” calls Christians to seek out ways to restore relationships and create unity.

Peacemakers as Blessed

In the Beatitudes, Jesus proclaimed: “Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God” (Matthew 5:9). This beatitude emphasizes the active role of peacemaking, aligning with the broader biblical message of “Eirene.” Peacemakers reflect God’s character and mission in the world, demonstrating His peace through their actions.

Conclusion

In conclusion, “What does Eirene mean in Greek in context of the Bible?” It is a term rich in meaning, encapsulating not just the cessation of conflict but a profound, holistic sense of well-being that stems from divine grace. Its roots in both Greek and Hebrew traditions enrich its significance, making it a key concept in understanding the teachings of the New Testament. By exploring the nuances of “Eirene,” believers can better appreciate its role in Scripture and strive to embody this divine peace in their everyday lives.